Hernia Causes Treatment, Types of Hernia, Inguinal hernia
Protrusion of tissue or body cavity through an abnormal opening is known as Hernia. The bulge of body cavity contents are also called as hernia. The common protrusion of body cavity contents are part of an intestine or abdominal fatty tissue.
Most of hernias are asymptomatic and if not treated abrupt the blood supply to particular area. Untreated hernias will become medical or surgical emergencies.
Causes of hernia
Weakened body muscles are the main cause of hernia.
Weakened body cavity may cause tissue protrusion and causes hernia.
Over stretching of muscles causes hernia in some individuals.
Obese persons are at high risk to get hernia.
Some post surgical incidences causes hernia.
Anatomical damage in the individual cause hernia.
These are the main causes of hernia.
Different types of hernia are
Inguinal Hernia: Nearly the 75 % of abdominal hernia are inguinal hernia. Groin hernia is the common name for inguinal hernia and is the condition need surgical treatment. Males are at more risk of inguinal hernia than females. The cause of groin hernia or inguinal hernia is mainly the weakened anatomical structure at the inguinal region due to incomplete muscle coverage. The increased abdominal weight pushes pressure towards the inguinal region, especially in obese person causes inguinal hernia. Inguinal hernia may be Direct or Indirect. These two hernias occur at groin and both hernia have a slight variation and can be distinguished as follows.
Indirect inguinal hernia: The hernia follows the path of vas deference or the path which the testes descended to scrotum during pre-birth condition. The abdominal contents descend to the inguinal canal. The hernial sac may protrude to scrotum. Indirect hernia can occur at any age of an individual.
Direct Inguinal hernia: Direct inguinal hernia occurs inwards in the inguinal canal. It occurs usually in adults, old ages due to weakening of abdominal muscles.
Femoral hernia: The path where femoral arteries, nerves enter from abdominal cavity to thigh region is femoral canal. The hernia formed in femoral region is called as femoral hernia. Femoral canal is a tight space which doesn’t allow any abdominal part to move through it. But in case of femoral hernia, the intestinal part is moved to femoral region and bulging occurs below the inguinal region or thigh region. This hernia is not reducible and may turn to strangulated if not treated. Femoral hernia is common in females. Surgical treatment is must for treating femoral hernia.
Umbilical hernia: The protrusion of intestinal part of abdomen through umbilicus is called as umbilical hernia. The umbilical hernia usually occurs at birth. When abdomen fails to close at umbilicus during intrauterine development, it causes umbilical hernia. If umbilical hernia is small as half inch, it will correct itself within two years and no need of treatment. If umbilical hernia is large, it need to be corrected by surgery after one or two years. The recurrence of umbilical hernia in these children is high in later years.
Incisional hernia : The incisional hernia occurs at the region of an incision made during any surgeries. Incision hernia is common in the region of abdominal incisions, where the intestine protrudes out. Nearly 2 to 10 % of abdominal surgeries are prone to have incisional hernia. Surgical correction is the management for incision hernia.
Spegelian hernia : The spegelian hernia occurs at the edge of rectus abdominus muscle, which occurs at the side of abdomen.
Obturator hernia : The hernia occurs rarely, specially in women where protrusion or bulging at the region of pelvic cavity. Bowel obstruction, nausea and vomiting are the symptoms of obturator hernia. Emergency surgical treatment is needed to correct obturator hernia.
Hiatic hernia : Hiatic hernia occur in the lower esophagus and leads to gastric regurgitation. Surgical restoration is the treatment for hiatic hernia.